Research

Publications

Our research contributions to the field of control systems, robotics, and aerospace engineering.

2026

2026Sensors and Actuators Reports

A review on early detection of diabetic foot ulcers: From clinical practices and sensor-based research to system-level perspectives

Li, Xiaoyu, Li, Peiyun, Pan, Han, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Bie, Jing, Ren, Yong, Yang, Sen, Smith, Richard, and Wang, Jing

Diabetes mellitus is a global public health threat, and the prevalence continues to rise. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes, have a high recurre...

2026Artificial Intelligence Review

Advancing integrated sensing and communications with RL/DRL in 6 G networks: a survey

Khan, Wali Ullah, Khalid, Waqas, Iqbal, Muhammad, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Ahmed, Manzoor, and Shah, Syed Tariq

Abstract Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a key enabling technology for sixth-generation (6 G) networks, supporting joint environment perception and data transmission with hi...

2026IET Radar Sonar & Navigation

Dual Frequency Side Scan Sonar Image Fusion for Deep‐Learning Based Underwater Target Detection

Xian, Jiajun, Li, Liming, Zhang, Fan, Wu, Yingying, Zang, Weilin, Xu, Lingji, Yao, Hongxun, Rushworth, Adam, Herrmann, J. Michael, and Song, Sanming

ABSTRACT Side‐scan sonar is essential for underwater observation and seabed target detection, yet traditional single‐frequency systems must compromise between imaging resolution and detection range. F...

2026IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Enhancing C-V2X with Blockchain and Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Improved Privacy, and Trustworthiness

Chen, Ningyuan, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Chieng, David, Kar, Pushpendu, Yang, Chenyu, Liu, Q., Tsiftsis, Theodoros A., and Chen, Y.

This paper addresses the pivotal issue of privacy in traffic condition assessment within Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) and Intelligent Transportation Systems, specifically targeting applicati...

2026IEEE Communications Letters

Speed-Aware Asynchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Handover Parameter Adaptation in 5G and Beyond Networks

Shi, Chenhao, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Liu, Q., Huang, Zekai, Chu, Zheng, and Tsiftsis, Theodoros A.

In response to the explosive growth of data rates and traffic in 5G and beyond, network densification has emerged as a key solution. However, this approach presents significant challenges for mobility...

2025

2025

6-DOF Parallel Robot under Partial Observation: Modelling, Control and Trajectory Planning

Xiao, Junlin, Tian, Xinyu, Jia, Fuhua, Yang, Mengshen, Rushworth, Adam, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Ijaz, Salman, Chen, Silu, Chin-Yin, Chen, and Yang, Guilin

Due to the coupling characteristics of kinematics and dynamics, six-degree-of-freedom parallel robots face challenges in achieving real-time and high-precision velocity and acceleration control. The e...

2025

A benchmark of the leading LiDAR-IMU SLAM algorithms on the UNNC dataset

Yang, Mengshen, Jia, Fuhua, Wang, Xiuqi, Sun, Xu, Rushworth, Adam, and Yang, Guilin

LiDAR-inertial Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) has emerged as a critical technology for autonomous systems, offering robust performance in diverse environments. However, the relative perf...

2025Sensors and Actuators A Physical

A high-accuracy calibration-free spirometer based on Fiber Bragg Grating technique with neural network optimization

Zhang, Rong, Li, Xiaoyu, Li, Peiyun, Pan, Han, Xu, Rui, Li, Hongchang, Si, Yuhan, Yang, Yiqian, Zhao, Peiran, Lu, B., He, Yiming, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Ren, Yong, Bie, Jing, Wang, Chengbo, and Wang, Jing

Chronic respiratory diseases as one of the major global health problems induce a high mortality rate. Increasing needs raised from domestic healthcare require the development of new spirometers with t...

2025

Modelling and Current Control of Supercapacitor Controller for Lightweight Robots

Wang, Xiuqi, Kwong, Chiew-Foong, Rushworth, Adam, and Ijaz, Salman

This paper presents a modelling and control method of a Supercapacitor controller for lightweight robots. We develop an averaged state-space model that involves arbitrary number of parallel capacitor ...

2025

RIS-Empowered Coexistence Between Self-Sustainable IoT and Radar Networks

Zhu, Ruotong, Chu, Zheng, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Chieng, David, Yin, Cheng, and Soman, Sunish Kumar Orappanpara

This paper investigates the coexistence of a selfsustainable Internet of Things (IoT) network and a multiantenna radar system operating in a shared frequency band, empowered by a reconfigurable intell...

2025

Survive Against Degradations: An Insight of LiDAR-IMU SLAM Under Feature Degradations

Yang, Mengshen, Jia, Fuhua, Hou, Xing, Wang, Xiuqi, Rushworth, Adam, and Sun, Xu

LiDAR-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) plays a crucial role in autonomous navigation, particularly in GPS-denied environments. However, the performance of LiDAR SLAM is significantly...

2025IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security

Throughput Improvement for RIS-Empowered Wireless Powered Anti-Jamming Communication Networks (WPAJCN)

Chu, Zheng, Chieng, David, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Jin, Huan, Zhu, Zhengyu, Huang, Chongwen, and Yuen, Chau

In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided wireless powered anti-jamming communication network (WPAJCN), where the RIS is utilized to participate in downlink wireless p...

2024

2024International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control

A multilayer neural‐network‐based fault estimation and fault tolerant control scheme for uncertain system

Akhtar, Zainab, Naqvi, Syed Zilqurnain Abbas, Hamayun, Mirza Tariq, and Ijaz, Salman

Abstract This work introduces a new actuator fault estimation approach coupled with a fault‐tolerant control (FTC) strategy for uncertain systems in an output feedback framework. The proposed method i...

2024International Journal of System Control and Information Processing

Automatic handover parameter optimisation for ultra-dense small cell networks

Liu, Qianyu, Ma, Lianwei, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Shen, Feifan, and Shi, Chenhao

In recent years, the exponential growth in global mobile traffic, driven by advanced applications, services, and devices, has led to the deployment of numerous small cell base stations to meet future ...

Design and Validation of Flexible Aerial Robotics for Safe Human-Robot Interaction
2024IROS 2024

Design and Validation of Flexible Aerial Robotics for Safe Human-Robot Interaction

Jia, Fuhua, Zheng, Zihao, LI, Cheng'ao, Li, Rui, XIAO, Junlin, YANG, Xiaoying, Rushworth, Adam, and Ijaz, Salman

This work addresses the critical challenge of integrating drones into human-aerial robot interaction by presenting a novel Soft Flexible Aerial Robot (SFAR) design. SFAR features an innovative low-pre...

2024

Fault Tolerant Control Allocation Scheme for LPV system

Ijaz, Salman, Nasr, Ahmed, and Hamayun, Mirza Tariq

This paper proposed a passive fault tolerant control (FTC) approach for the class of linear parameter-varying systems to deal with faults and failures in the actuator channel. The method provided in t...

2024

Fault-Tolerant Control of Hybrid UAV Using Weighted Control Allocation Scheme

Ijaz, Salman, Javaid, Umair, Nasr, Ahmed, and Sun, Donglei

This study presents a methodology to enhance the operating safety of hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles by employing an active fault-tolerant control technique. The idea is to incorporate the weighted co...

2024IET conference proceedings.

Investigation of traffic radar coverage efficiency under different placement strategies

Yao, Shun, Zhou, Jin, Chieng, David, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Lee, Boon Giin, Li, J., and Chen, Yusen

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of traffic radar coverage efficiency under different placement strategies in collaboration with Zhejiang Communications Investment Group Company Limit...

2024Journal of Materials Processing Technology

Microstructure evolution and grain growth characteristics of IN625 in laser surface melting: Effects of laser power and scanning speed

Chen, Hao, Sun, Lingyi, Li, L., Zhu, Weiwei, Gong, Qihuang, Castro, R.D., and Rushworth, Adam

This study investigated the effects of laser power and scanning speed on the microstructure evolution and grain growth characteristics of IN625 in laser surface melting. Laser powers of 400 W, 600 W a...

2024IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials

Navigating the Road Ahead: A Comprehensive Survey of Radio Resource Allocation for Vehicle Platooning in C-V2X Communications

Yang, Chenyu, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Chieng, David, Kar, Pushpendu, Yau, Kok‐Lim Alvin, and Chen, Yusen

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications have emerged as an indispensable component of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), fostering innovations that enhance road safety and traffic effici...

2024Journal of Manufacturing Processes

On the modelling and experimental study of CO2 laser ablation on resin-bond diamond grinding wheels: Understanding the effect of processing parameters on the time-dependent temperature field

Xie, Ke Ge, Rushworth, Adam, Chen, Hao, and Li, Jinyi

The need for the precise dressing of diamond abrasive tools by laser has been highly emphasised but determining controllable material removal strategies for precise laser processing remains challengin...

2024Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine

Photoplethysmography-based non-invasive blood pressure monitoring via ensemble model and imbalanced dataset processing

Liu, Qianyu, Yang, Chaojie, Yang, Sen, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Wang, Jing, and Zhou, Ning

Photoplethysmography, a widely embraced tool for non-invasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring, has demonstrated potential in BP prediction, especially when machine learning techniques are involved. How...

2024Micromachines

Simultaneous Measurement of Local Pulse Wave Velocities in Radial Arteries Using a Soft Sensor Based on the Fiber Bragg Grating Technique

Wang, Jing, Wang, Zhukun, Zhang, Zijun, Li, Peiyun, Pan, Han, Ren, Yong, Hou, Tuo, Wang, Chengbo, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Zhang, Bei, Yang, Sen, and Bie, Jing

Arterial stiffness has been proved to be an important parameter in the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases, and Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is a strong indicator of arterial stiffness. Compared to reg...

2024IET conference proceedings.

Virtual sensing of room activity using passive environmental sensors

Li, Yeqin, Chieng, David, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Lee, Boon Giin, Zhang, Yunfan, Wang, Yin, and Lin, Ting-Jung

A data-driven approach has been developed to classify indoor activities using only commonly available passive environmental sensors, such as CO2, temperature, humidity, and passive infrared (PIR). An ...

2023

2023International Journal of System Control and Information Processing

Automatic Handover Parameter Optimization for Ultra-Dense Small Cell Networks

Shen, Feifan, Shi, Chenhao, Ma, Lianwei, Kwong, Chiew Foong, and Liu, Qianyu

In recent years, the exponential growth in global mobile traffic, driven by advanced applications, services, and devices, has led to the deployment of numerous small cell base stations to meet future ...

2023

On Robustness of IEEE 802.11 WLAN-based Human Activity Recognition

Li, Yeqin, Chieng, David, Lee, Boon Giin, Kwong, Chiew Foong, and Yang, Chenyu

Contact-less or Device-less Human Activity Recognition (HAR) using IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) has garnered significant interest due to its ubiquitous coverage, convenience, and pri...

2022

2022Journal of Vibration and Control

Active and passive fault tolerant control allocation strategy for nonlinear systems

Ijaz, Salman, Ijaz, Hamdoon, Hamayun, Mirza Tariq, and Javaid, Umair

This article introduced fault-tolerant control (FTC) schemes for over-actuated affine non-linear uncertain systems. The proposed methodologies incorporate two different control allocation (CA) units w...

2022Mathematics

Modeling and Analysis of New Hybrid Clustering Technique for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

Abdulrazzak, Hazem Noori, Hock, Goh Chin, Radzi, Nurul Asyikin Mohamed, Tan, Nadia M. L., and Kwong, Chiew Foong

Many researchers have proposed algorithms to improve the network performance of vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) clustering techniques for different applications. The effectiveness of the clustering m...

20222022 34th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)

Passive Fault Tolerant Control Allocations for Nonlinear Systems

Ijaz, Salman, Ijaz, Hamdoon, Khodaverdian, Maria, and Nasr, A R

This article presents a new fault-tolerant control scheme to achieve maneuvering control of multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system experienced the actuator faults and failures conditions. The...

2022Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part G Journal of Aerospace Engineering

Robust adaptive attitude control of flexible spacecraft using a sliding mode disturbance observer

Javaid, Umair, Zhen, Ziyang, Xue, Yixuan, and Ijaz, Salman

A composite control scheme based on a disturbance observer is presented in this paper to deal with the attitude control problem of flexible spacecraft. Specifically, a sliding mode disturbance observe...

2022Polymers

Sensors and Sensor Fusion Methodologies for Indoor Odometry: A Review

Yang, Mengshen, Sun, Xu, Jia, Fuhua, Rushworth, Adam, Dong, Xin, Zhang, Sheng, Fang, Zaojun, Yang, Guilin, and Liu, Bingjian

Although Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) generally provide adequate accuracy for outdoor localization, this is not the case for indoor environments, due to signal obstruction. Therefore, a...

20222022 5th International Conference on Energy, Electrical and Power Engineering (CEEPE)

Sequential Finite-Element-based Model Predictive Torque and Flux Control Method for IPMSM

Nasr, Ahmed, Gu, Chunyang, Ijaz, Salman, Buticchi, Giampaolo, Bozhko, Serhiy, and Gerada, Chris

This paper proposes an advanced sequential finite-element-based model predictive torque and flux control (SQ-FE-MPTFC) method to mitigate the torque ripple of the interior permanent magnet synchronous...

2021

2021Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

A Novel Cooperative Cache Policy for Wireless Networks

Li, Lincan, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Liu, Qianyu, Kar, Pushpendu, and Ardakani, Saeid Pourroostaei

Mobile edge caching is an emerging approach to manage high mobile data traffic in fifth‐generation wireless networks that reduces content access latency and offloading data traffic of backhaul links. ...

A Robust Sensor and Actuator Fault Tolerant Control Scheme for Nonlinear System
2021IEEE Access

A Robust Sensor and Actuator Fault Tolerant Control Scheme for Nonlinear System

Ashraf, Muhammad Ammar, Ijaz, Salman, Javaid, Umair, Hussain, Shariq, Anwaar, Haris, and Marey, Mohamed

In this article, a new fault-tolerant control (FTC) method is presented for the Lipschitz nonlinear systems that is capable of handling the actuator faults, sensor faults, unknown external disturbance...

2021IEEE Access

Autonomous Mobility Management for 5G Ultra-Dense HetNets via Reinforcement Learning With Tile Coding Function Approximation

Liu, Qianyu, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Zhou, Sijia, Ye, Tianhao, Li, Lincan, and Ardakani, Saeid Pourroostaei

Mobility management is an important feature in modern wireless networks that can provide seamless and ubiquitous connectivity to mobile users. Due to the dense deployment of small cells and heterogene...

2021IEEE Access

CNN: A Cluster-Based Named Data Routing for Vehicular Networks

Ardakani, Saeid Pourroostaei, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Kar, Pushpendu, Liu, Qianyu, and Li, Lincan

VANET routing aims to interconnect vehicular nodes via wireless links to transmit network packets. The goal of VANET routing is to reduce the communication cost, decrease the latency and increase the ...

20212021 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS)

Tracking Control of Vertical Tail Damaged Aircraft with dissimilar Actuator Configuration

Ashraf, Muhammad Ammar, Ijaz, Salman, Zou, Yao, and Ijaz, Hamdoon

This article presents a new control scheme for an aircraft that has suffered from actuator failure due to severe damage to its vertical tail. The damaged degree of the vertical tail is treated as unce...

2020

2020Advances in Science Technology and Engineering Systems Journal

A Proactive Mobile Edge Cache Policy Based on the Prediction by Partial Matching

Li, Lincan, Kwong, Chiew Foong, and Liu, Qianyu

The proactive caching has been an emerging approach to cost-effectively boost the network capacity and reduce access latency. While the performance of which extremely relies on the content prediction....

2020Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

A Smart Cache Content Update Policy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Li, Lincan, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Liu, Qianyu, and Wang, Jing

This paper proposes a DRL-based cache content update policy in the cache-enabled network to improve the cache hit ratio and reduce the average latency. In contrast to the existing policies, a more pra...

2020IET Control Theory and Applications

An integral sliding mode fault tolerant control for a class of non‐linear Lipschitz systems

Ashraf, Muhammad Ammar, Ijaz, Salman, Zou, Yao, and Hamayun, Mirza Tariq

Abstract This paper proposes an active fault‐tolerant control (FTC) strategy for a class of non‐linear Lipschitz systems. The proposed FTC approach employs the integral sliding mode control (ISMC) tec...

2019

2018

2018

A hybrid fuzzy-MADM based decision-making scheme for QoS aware handover

Liu, Qianyu, Kwong, Chiew Foong, Zhang, Sibo, and Li, Lincan

The fifth-generation communications system (5G) will commercialize at 2020 in order to satisfy the increasing demands on data rate and also to enable the internet of things (IoT). One of the most chal...

2018IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

MiRoR—Miniaturized Robotic Systems for Holistic <i>In-Situ</i> Repair and Maintenance Works in Restrained and Hazardous Environments

Axinte, Dragoş, Dong, Xin, Palmer, David, Rushworth, Adam, Cobos-Guzmán, Salvador, Olarra, Aitor, Arizaga, Inigo, Gomez-Acedo, Eneko, Txoperena, Kristine, Pfeiffer, Kai, Meßmer, Felix, Gruhler, Matthias, and Kell, James

This letter presents the novel concept of a miniaturized robotized machine tool, Mini-RoboMach, consisting of a walking hexapod robot and a Slender Continuum Arm. By combining the mobility of the walk...

2017

2017Journal of Telecommunication Electronic and Computer Engineering (JTEC)

Gain enhancement of microstrip patch antenna using low loss negative refractive index metamaterial superstrate

Ng, C. H., Devi, Kavuri Kasi Annapurna, Chakrabarty, Chandan Kumar, Din, Norashidah Md, and Kwong, Chiew Foong

A novel microstrip patch antenna (MPA) based on planar negative refractive-index metamaterial is proposed. It is demonstrated that the proposed nested split ring resonator (SRR) structure metamaterial...

2016